- Piranesi, Giovanni Battista, 1720-17781
- Pope (1294-1303: Boniface VIII)1
- Presbyterian College1
- Prudentius, b. 3481
- Pérez, Diego, fl. 15741
- Ram, Johannes de, 1648-16931
- Rawlins, William, printer1
- Regiomontanus, Joannes, 1436-14761
- Remshard1
- Rolevinck, Werner, 1425-15021
- Royal Society (Great Britain). Museum1
- Rugendas1
- S. Augustinus1
- S. Gregorius Magnus1
- Sacro Bosco, Joannes de, active 12301
- Sandrart1
- Schwartz, Justin (transcriptionist, music editor)1
- Seutter, Matthaeus, 1678-1756 (cartographer)1
- Sigebertus Gemblacensis1
- Simon, de Cremona, d. ca. 13901